Russell Cave National Monument (RUCA), one of the most significant archaeological sites in the eastern United States, became part of the national park system on 11 May 1961, when the National Geographic Society donated 125 hectares (310 acres) to the federal government. Although RUCA is maintained by the National Park Service (NPS), no serious research has been conducted on the birdlife of the RUCA. Therefore, the primary objectives of this research were to determine the relative status and seasonal abundance of the bird species inhabiting RUCA and to collect evidence of breeding.